Between 1961 and 1989, the Berlin Wall, encircled West Berlin and prohibited East Berlin and surrounding parts of East Germany from accessing it and marked itself as a significant part of the two side rivalries. Between 1949 and 1961, almost 2.5 million East Germans migrated to West Germany, with a steady increase in the number of skilled workers, professionals, and intellectuals. The state of East Germany's economic existence was threatened if they were to perish.
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