Plastic Waste Management (Amendment) Rules 2022
Introduction Pollution from single-use plastic items has become a major environmental challenge for all countries. India has made a...
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For Aspiring Generalists
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Feminization of Agriculture
Introduction If there were four women for every ten males in the agricultural sector in 1991, there were six women for every ten men in...
Organic Farming
Introduction According to FAO “Organic agriculture is a unique production management system which promotes and enhances ...
Types of Rocks
Introduction A rock is a natural substance made up of solid crystals of various minerals that fused together to form a solid mass. The...
Agriculture Diversification: Crop Diversification
Introduction The fundamental approach to agricultural diversification should be comprehensive in character, including the traditional...
What is Sustainable Development?
Introduction The concept of sustainable development was emphasised by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development...
Biodiversity
Introduction Biodiversity is all the different kinds of life you’ll find on planet earth —the variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even...
Types of Forests in India
Introduction A forest is a complex ecosystem. Forests are home to a wide range of living forms, including plants, animals, birds,...
Environmental Movements
Introduction Following the completion of the United Nations Conference on Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972, researchers paid close...
Evergreen Revolution
Introduction India is among the world's largest agricultural economies, sustaining a huge population. At the time of independence,...
Wetlands and Ramsar Convention
Introduction The Ramsar Convention is an international convention that establishes a framework for the conservation and wise use of...
Earthquake
Introduction In simple terms, an earthquake is the ground shaking. This is a natural occurrence. It occurs as a result of energy being...
Volcanoes
Introduction A volcano is a fissure in the crust of a planet or moon through which molten rock, hot gases, and other substances erupt....
Wildfires
Introduction A wildfire is an uncontrolled fire that burns in the vegetation of a wilderness. Wildfires can and have burned in forests,...
Human Rights and Environment
Introduction Human rights are rights that all humans possess, regardless of race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or...
Vertical Farming
Introduction The plants are arranged in a tower-like arrangement in the physical layout. This reduces the amount of space needed to...
Permaculture
Introduction It is the harmonious integration of landscape and people — providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and...
National Green Tribunal (NGT)
What is National Green Tribunal? The National Green Tribunal was established on October 18, 2010, under the National Green Tribunal Act,...
What is Environment?
In its most literal sense, the term "environment" refers to "surroundings" (environs). An individual's, object's, element's, or system's...
Biosphere
A biosphere is an area of the earth that can support life and is also referred to as the ecosphere. It is the sum total of all ecosystems...
What is Ecology?
In 1869, Ernest Haeckel coined the term "ecology" which is derived from two Greek words: "oikos," and "logos," roughly translating into...
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